- Austria / Österreich
- Bosnia and Herzegovina / Босна и Херцеговина
- Bulgaria / България
- Croatia / Hrvatska
- Czech Republic & Slovakia / Česká republika & Slovensko
- France / France
- Germany / Deutschland
- Greece / ΕΛΛΑΔΑ
- Italy / Italia
- Netherlands / Nederland
- Nordic / Nordic
- Poland / Polska
- Portugal / Portugal
- Romania & Moldova / România & Moldova
- Slovenia / Slovenija
- Serbia & Montenegro / Србија и Црна Гора
- Spain / España
- Switzerland / Schweiz
- Turkey / Türkiye
- UK & Ireland / UK & Ireland
Periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory condition, commenced by the accumulation of pathogenic dental plaque biofilm above and below the gingival margin. Microbial dysbiosis may result in a chronic non-resolving and destructive inflammatory response which is characterized by the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, such as the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament, and further leading to tooth loss. Recent studies suggest that periodontitis can disrupt the homeostasis of the healthy gut microbiota.
References:
- Kistler JO, Booth V, Bradshaw DJ, Wade WG. Bacterial community development in experimental gingivitis. PLOS ONE 8(8), e71227 (2013).
- Bao J, Li L, Zhang Y, Wang M, Chen F, Ge S, Chen B, Yan F. Periodontitis may induce gut microbiota dysbiosis via salivary microbiota. International Journal of Oral Science 2022; 14:32.
- Kitamoto S, Kamada N. Periodontal connection with intestinal inflammation: Microbiological and immunological mechanisms. Periodontology 2000. 2022; 89: 142-153.
- Nakajima M, Arimatsu K, Kato T, et al. Oral administration of P gingivalis induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota and impaired barrier function leading to dissemination of enterobacteria to the liver. PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0134234.
- Arimatsu K, Yamada H, Miyazawa H, et al. Oral pathobiont induces systemic inflammation and metabolic changes associated with alteration of gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2014; 4:4828.
- Atarashi K, Suda W, Luo C, et al. Ectopic colonization of oral bacteria in the intestine drives TH1 cell induction and inflammation. Science. 2017;358(6361):359-365.
- Kitamoto S, Nagao-Kitamoto H, Jiao Y, et al. The intermucosal connection between the mouth and gut in commensal pathobiont-driven colitis. Cell. 2020;182(2):447-62 e14.
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