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Prophylactic use of antibiotics has no influence on the post-surgical dental implant complications

A recent study has found that the prophylactic use of antibiotics has no influence on the prevalence of post-surgical dental implant complications in overall healthy patients. (Photograph: Phoenix Locklear/ Pixabay)
Dental Tribune International

Dental Tribune International

Wed. 26 June 2019

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NEW YORK, U.S.: It’s still a debatable question whether antibiotics positively influence the survival of dental implants in systemically healthy patients. A team of researchers from the New York University College of Dentistry, conducted a study recently to determine the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis and specific antibiotic regimens for the prevention of postoperative infection (POI) in dental implant placement.

The study included Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared antibiotics versus no antibiotics or placebo for dental implant placement. They considered two types of outcomes. The primary outcomes were early, late or total POI, and the secondary outcomes considered were wound dehiscence, pain and adverse events of antibiotic treatment.

The researchers analyzed a total of 1,022 abstracts and ten RCTs, covering a total of 1,934 patients. All ten RCTs reported no statistically significant difference in POI. Meta-analysis found no statistically significant differences in primary and secondary outcomes between antibiotic and no-antibiotic groups.

The study concluded: “The results of this systematic review suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis may not be indicated for prevention of POIs following dental implant placement in overall healthy patients. These findings and in light of antibiotic-associated risks for individual and public health demand revaluation of routine prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant placement procedures.”

The study, titled “Antibiotic prophylaxis may not be indicated for prevention of dental implant infections in healthy patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis,” was published in the April 2019 issue of Clinical Oral Investigations.

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